Thursday 2 November 2023
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On the Variability of Yearly Maximum Sea Surface Temperature in the Bay of Bengal Using GHRSST
Authors: Piyali Goswami, Hitesh Gupta, Sourav Sil
- School of Earth, Ocean, and Climate Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India, Author email address: 22cl06015@iitbbs.ac.in.
- School of Earth, Ocean, and Climate Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India, Author email address: hg13@iitbbs.ac.in.
- School of Earth, Ocean, and Climate Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India, Author email address: souravsil@iitbbs.ac.in
Understanding Sea Surface Temperature (SST) variability is crucial to monitor and prediction of marine ecosystem, ocean circulation, cyclonic, and monsoon activity. This study investigates the variability of SST in the Bay of Bengal (BoB) for the period of 2007–2022 by utilizing daily available Group for High-Resolution Sea Surface Temperature (GHRSST) dataset having spatial resolution of 0.05°. The daily mean SST timeseries showed a bimodal distribution with two maxima: higher peak around mid-May and secondary peak around mid-October. Area-averaged GHRSST revealed warming trends (per year) in the yearly mean SST, maximum SST, and climatology removed SST with a value of 0.022°C/year, 0.034°C/year, 0.022°C/year with more than 90% significant, respectively. The analysis also showed a delay in attaining the maximum temperature of the bay. Exceptionally high SST were observed in the recent year 2020–2021. Maximum temperature during 2012 was the earliest (12 April) and during 2018 was the delayed (24 May); the mean time of the maximum temperature is 7 May. The maximum (minimum) value of maximum temperature of the year is 31.06°C (29.8°C) during 2016 (2011). Further analysis by splitting the timeseries in two parts showed that higher (lower) mean (standard deviation) values in period 2015–2022 compared to period 2007–2014 during all the seasons. This study further investigates the linkage between the maximum temperature of the basin with the monsoon onset.